William Thomas Gerthoffer, Ph.D.

William Thomas Gerthoffer, Ph.D.
Professor
Phone: (251) 460-6402
Fax: (251) 460-6850
wgerthoffer@usouthal.edu

EDUCATION

1970‑1974	B.S., Biology, Waynesburg College
	Waynesburg, Pennsylvania

1974‑1978	Ph.D., Pharmacology, West Virginia University,
	Morgantown, West Virginia

POSTGRADUATE TRAINING

1980‑1982	Research Associate, Department of Physiology
	University of Virginia

1978‑1980	Postdoctoral Fellow, Section of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Medicine
	Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX

FACULTY APPOINTMENTS

1982‑1987	Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacology University of Nevada School of Medicine
	Reno, NV

1987-1995	Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology University of Nevada School of Medicine
	Reno, NV

1993	Sabbatical Leave, Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology National Institutes of Health
	Bethesda, MD

1995-2007	Professor, Department of Pharmacology University of Nevada School of Medicine
	Reno, NV

2006	Visiting Scientist, Molecular and Integrative Physiology Program, Harvard School of Public Health
	Boston, MA

2007-present	Professor and Chair, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama
	Mobile, AL

ADMINSTRATIVE APPOINTMENTS

1990‑1996	Director, Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology Graduate Program, University of Nevada, Reno
1995-1996	Vice Chairman, Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada School of Medicine
1996-2001	Interim Chairman of Pharmacology, University of Nevada School of Medicine
2007-present	Chairman, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama

AWARDS AND HONORS

1979‑1981	National Research Service Award Postdoctoral Fellowship
1985‑1987	Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Assn. Foundation Faculty Development Award
2004-2007	Foundation Professor, University of Nevada, Reno

MEMBERSHIP IN PROFESSIONAL AND HONORARY SOCIETIES

American Association for the Advancement of Science, member
American Society for Pharmacology and Therapeutics, member
American Society for Cell Biology, member
American Thoracic Society, member

UNIVERSITY SERVICE

Department Committees

1983‑1986	Course coordinator for General Pharmacology.
1984‑1987	System operator for department multiuser microcomputer.
1984-1986	Organizer of Departmental Research Discussion Group.

College of Medicine Committees

1988‑1990	Admissions Committee, University of Nevada School of Medicine
1989‑1990	Admissions Committee, Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Program
1991-1994	Minority Recruitment Advisory Committee
1994	Chair, Basic Sciences Subcommittee, LCME Self Study Task Force
1994-1996	Medical School Council, Pharmacology Dept. Representative
1995-1996	Research Committee
1996-	Performance Compensation Plan Board
2001	Graduate Education, LCME accreditation self study committee, Chair Task Force on Graduate Education, Univ. Nevada, Reno, Chair, LCME Accreditation Task Force, Univ. Nevada School of Medicine Search committee for Chair of Dept. Biochemistry
2002	Promotions and Tenure Committee, School of Medicine, Chair Outstanding Teacher Committee, School of Medicine
2003	Promotions and Tenure Committee, School of Medicine Course Coordinators Committee, School of Medicine Faculty search committees: Dept. Physiology and Dept. Biochemistry
2004	Course Coordinators Committee, School of Medicine Faculty search committee: Dept. Biochemistry
2005	Course Coordinators Committee, School of Medicine Course Coordinator, Medical Pharmacology Reviewer, Surgery rotation course Executive Committee, Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology graduate program
2006-2007	Chair of Course Coordinators Committee, School of Medicine Student Development Committee, School of Medicine Executive Committee, Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology graduate program

University Committees

1984‑1987	Medical School representative to the University Faculty Senate
1985‑1987	University representative at the Nevada Leadership Forum
1990-1997	Biological Sciences Advisory Council (Graduate School)
1997	Univ. Nevada Reaccreditation Self Study Steering Committee Research and Scholarship subcommittee, CoChair Editorial subcommittee
1999	Excellence in Teaching Advisory Board, University of Nevada, Reno
2000	University of Nevada School of Pharmacy Planning Committee School of Pharmacy, Articulation Subcommittee, Co-Chair
2005	Administrative Officer on behalf of the UNR Provost’s office Selection Committee for UNR Foundation Professor candidates
2007	Institutional Animal Care and Use, Univ. South Alabama

EXTRAMURAL SUPPORT

Research Grants:

1979‑1981	National Research Service Award Postdoctoral Fellowship
1982‑1983	University of Nevada School of Medicine Research Committee Grant, $2,500
1983‑1984	University of Nevada Research Advisory Board Junior Faculty Award, $11,000 American Heart Association ‑ Nevada Affiliate Grant‑in‑Aid, $9,960 Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association Foundation Research Starter Grant, $7,750 United Way of Northern Nevada, gift $400
1984‑1987	American Heart Association Grant‑in‑Aid (AHA National) Cellular mechanisms of arterial muscle relaxation. $90,000
1985‑1987	Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association Foundation, Faculty Development Award, $50,000
1985‑1986	American Lung Association Research Grant Myosin dephosphorylation and airway muscle relaxation. $17,500
1985‑1989	National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Regulation of contraction and relaxation of airway muscle. $195,494
1986‑1987	Bentley Scholar in Hypertension Research Calcium activity in hypertensive tissue. Co‑investigator, $30,000
1988‑1989	Research Advisory Board, University of Nevada‑Reno Immunoaffinity chromatography assay for muscle protein phosphorylation. $3,900
1989-1991	Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association Foundation Predoctoral Fellowship Regulation of smooth muscle contraction by caldesmon phosphorylation Awardee - J. Pohl; Sponsor - W.T. Gerthoffer Annual Stipend: $10,000
1990	Max Baer Heart Fund, Fraternal Order of Eagles Molecular control of vascular smooth muscle contraction, $5,000
1990	Alliance Pharmaceutical Corp. Effect of artificial blood emulsion on airway smooth muscle tone $5,250
1989‑1994	National Institutes of Health, NIDDK Mechanisms of Colonic Motility ‑ Program Project P.I.: K.M. Sanders Subproject: Regulation of phasic and tonic contractions in colonic muscles. P.I. of Subproject (24% effort) Direct Costs (1993‑1994): $50,000
1989‑1994	National Institutes of Health The Role of Adenyl purines in myometrial function P.I.: I.L.O. Buxton Coinvestigator: W.T. Gerthoffer (8% effort)
1991-1994	National Institutes of Health, NHLBI Role of ATP in bladder neuroeffector function P.I.: David P. Westfall Coinvestigator: W.T. Gerthoffer (18% effort) Direct Costs (1993-1994): $138,476
1992-1995	National Institutes of Health, NCI Kaposi's Sarcoma: Cell cycle studies of vascular cells P.I.: Stephen C. St. Jeor, Ph.D. Coinvestigator: W.T. Gerthoffer (10% effort) Direct Costs (1992-1993): $166,092
1991-1996	National Institutes of Health, NHLBI Postjunctional mechanisms of airway hyperreactivity. P.I.: W.T. Gerthoffer (45% effort) Direct Costs (1995): $121,776
1992-1996	National Institutes of Health, National Nursing Research Institute Mechanisms of hypoxic constriction of pulmonary artery, Predoctoral Fellowship NR06831 Awardee - J. McHugh\ Sponsor - W.T. Gerthoffer Annual Stipend: $12,800
1997-1998	Amer. Heart Association/Nevada Affiliate Activation of MAP kinases in pulmonary artery P.I.: I.A. Yamboliev Coinvestigator: W.T. Gerthoffer (10% effort) Direct Costs (1997‑1998): $25,000
1994‑1999	National Institutes of Health, NIDDK Mechanisms of Colonic Motility ‑ Program Project P.I.: K.M. Sanders, Ph.D. Subproject: Regulation of the contractile element of colonic smooth muscle. P.I. of Subproject: WT. Gerthoffer (24% effort) Direct Costs (1998‑1999): $82,740
1998-2001	National Institutes of Health, NHLBI National Research Service Award Postdoctoral Fellowship Role of IL-1b in MAP kinase mediated airway responses Awardee - C. A. Singer Sponsor - W.T. Gerthoffer Annual Stipend: $25,000
1997-2002	National Institutes of Health, NHLBI Role of ATP in vascular neuroeffector processes P.I.: D.P. Westfall Coinvestigator: W.T. Gerthoffer (10% effort) Direct Costs (1997‑1998): $164,321
2001-2003	GlaxoSmithKline (P.I. – W.T. Gerthoffer) Role of MK2 and MK3 in cytokine gene expression in airway smooth muscle. Direct costs: $60,000
2001-2004	National Institutes of Health, NHLBI MIRS supplement to Mechanisms of airway hyperreactivity Awardee - C. A. Singer; Sponsor - W.T. Gerthoffer Direct Costs (2001) $75,400
1999-2004	National Institutes of Health, NIDDK Mechanisms of Colonic Motility ‑ Program Project P.I.: K.M. Sanders, Ph.D. Subproject 5: Signal transduction in colonic smooth muscle. P.I. of Subproject 5: W.T. Gerthoffer (30% effort) Direct Costs: $108,919
2002-2006	National Institutes of Health, NHLBI Maturation of cerebrovascular contractile mechanisms P.I.: W. Pearce, Co-investigator, W.T. Gerthoffer (10% effort) Direct Costs (2002): $1500, 000
2003-2008	National Institutes of Health, NCRR Smooth muscle plasticity: a COBRE P.I.: K.M. Sanders Molecular expression and transgenics, Core B Director, W.T. Gerthoffer (20% effort) Direct Costs, Core B (2005): $177, 495
2005-2007	National Institutes of Health, NCRR Chloride channel function and role in cardiovascular disease, COBRE P.I.: J. Hume Mentor for project P.I. Ilia Yamboliev, W.T. Gerthoffer (10% effort)
2005-2006	National Institutes of Health, NCRR Nevada IDeA Network of Biomedical Research Excellence P.I.: L. Weber Mentor for project P.I. , W.T. Gerthoffer (5% effort)
2005-2009	National Institutes of Health, NHLBI Small heat shock proteins in smooth muscle plasticity P.I.: W.T. Gerthoffer, - 40% effort Direct Costs: $225,000

PROFESSIONAL SERVICE

Leadership and Committee Positions:

1991-1993	Peer Review Site Visit Team - American Heart Association, National Center
1988-1993	American Heart Association/Nevada Affiliate: President of the Northern Division, 1988‑1990 Chairman of the Research Committee, 1987‑1990 Chairman of the Program Committee, 1991-1992 President of Nevada Affiliate, 1992-1993
2005	Short Course-Continuing Education Committee, ASPET
2005-2007	Lung Cellular, Molecular and Immunobiology, Special Emphasis Panel, Chair

Aditorial Boards:
1991-present	Editorial Board, American Journal of Physiology (Cell)
2002-2009	Associate Editor, American Journal of Physiology (Cell) (2002 - 2008)

Peer Review:
Journals and Textbooks:
1985- present: Manuscript reviewer for:

American Journal of Physiology (Cell)
American Journal of Physiology (Gastrointestinal)
American Journal of Physiology (Heart and Circulatory)
American Journal of Physiology (Lung Cell and Molecular)
Canadian Journal of Pharmacology & Physiology
Journal of Applied Physiology
Journal of Biological Chemistry
Journal of Cellular Physiology
Journal of Muscle Research & Cell Motility
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
Journal of Physiology
Journal of Vascular Research
Life Sciences
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

1990-1993	Reviewer for Pharmacology in Nursing, C.V. Mosby Co. (1990-1993)
1993	Abstract referee for Amer. Pediatric Soc. and Soc. for Pediatric Research (1993)

Study Sections :

1985	American Heart Association, Nevada Affiliate peer review committee
1986-1993	Mountain West Peer Review Group of the American Heart Association
1989	National Science Foundation, ad hoc
1989	American Lung Association, Chicago Division (1989)
1994-1997	American Heart Association Affiliate Study Group B
1998-1999	American Heart Association, Western States Affiliate
2006-2007	Arizona Biomedical Research Commission
1988-2007	NIH Study Sections:
	Program project site visit and peer review teams (1988, 1992, 1996, 1997). RFA - Interstitial Cystitis (1995) SCOR - Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Asthma (1996) Urology Special Emphasis Panel (1998, 1999) Experimental Cardiovascular Sciences Special Emphasis Panel (1998) Cardiovascular A Special Emphasis Panel (1998) Respiratory and Applied Physiology Special Emphasis Panel (1999) Experimental Cardiovascular Sciences, Ad Hoc (1999) SCOR - Molecular Mechanisms of Asthma (2001) Cardiovascular Sciences Special Emphasis Panel (2001) Experimental Cardiovascular Sciences, Regular member (2000-2003) Vascular Cell and Molecular Biology, Regular member (2003-2004) Surgery, Anesthesiology and Trauma Study Section (SAT), Ad Hoc (2006) Lung Cellular, Molecular and Immunobiology, Special Emphasis Panel, Chair (2005,2006) Lung Cellular, Molecular and Immunobiology, ad hoc (2003, 2007)

Invited Lectures/Workshops/Presentations:

1979	History of denervation supersensitivity in smooth muscle. Department of Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine
1981	The role of the Na+, K+ pump in supersensitivity of the vas deferens. Department of Physiology, University of Virginia
1982	The role of the Na+, K+ pump in regulating smooth muscle reactivity. Department of Physiology, Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD.
1983	Calcium and contractile system regulation in smooth muscle. FASEB symposium on "Control of gastrointestinal smooth muscle contraction", St. Louis, MO.
1983	Calcium and myosin phosphorylation in contractile system regulation in smooth muscle. Department of Molecular Biology, Smith, Kline and French Laboratories, Philadelphia, PA
1984	The role of Ca2+ and myosin phosphorylation in regulation of smooth muscle contraction. Department of Human Physiology, Univ. California School of Medicine, Davis, CA
1985	Ca2+ and myosin phosphorylation in control of airway smooth muscle tone. Department of Pharmacology, Smith, Kline and French, Swedeland, PA.
1986	Agonist and calcium dependence of myosin phosphorylation and contraction of airway smooth muscle. European Molecular Biology Organization workshop on Smooth Muscle Contractility, Maria Alm, Austria.
1987	Calcium and myosin phosphorylation in regulation of airway smooth muscle contraction. Boccus Research Institute, Graduate Hospital, Philadelphia, PA.
1989	Regulation of tonic and phasic contraction of colonic smooth muscle. Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Harbor‑UCLA Hospital, Torrance, CA.
1993	Calcium regulation of the contractile system of airway smooth muscle. Pulmonary Pharmacology Symposium, Western Pharmacology Society.
1993	Caldesmon and calponin phosphorylation in intact smooth muscles. International Symposium on Smooth Muscle Contraction, Minaki, Ontario
1994	Contractile protein phosphorylation in regulation of smooth muscle contraction. University of Calgary
1995	Actin binding proteins in airway smooth muscle. Cytoskeletal mechanisms of regulation of airway smooth muscle, Amer. Lung Association/Amer. Thoracic Society, International Conference, Seattle Regulation of contractile proteins. Asthma '95, Chigago, IL Myosin phosphorylation, caldesmon and calponin in regulation of smooth muscle contraction. Distinguished Alumni Seminar, West Virginia University. Caldesmon and calponin phosphorylation in regulation of smooth muscle contraction. Boston Biomedical Research Institute. Small heat shock protein (HSP27) in smooth muscle. University of Calgary
1996	MAP Kinases in signal transduction in smooth muscles. Dept. Urology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine. MAP Kinases in signal transduction in smooth muscles. Dept. Physiology and Biophysics, Indiana University School of Medicine.
1997	Effects of inflammation on airway smooth muscle mechanics, American Lung Association/American Thoracic Society, San Francisco, CA
1998	p38 MAP kinase and HSP27 in smooth muscle function. Respiratory Biology Section, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA p38 MAP kinase and HSP27 in smooth muscle function. Boston Biomedical Research Institute, Boston, MA p38 MAP kinase and HSP27 in smooth muscle function. Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA
1999	Muscarinic signal transduction in colonic smooth muscle Visiting Scholar, Loma Linda University School of Medicine p38 MAP kinase and HSP27 mediate smooth muscle cell motility Visiting Scholar, Loma Linda University School of Medicine p38 MAP kinase and HSP27 mediate smooth muscle cell motility Loyola University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL Functions of p38 MAPkinase in smooth muscle West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV Functions of p38 MAPkinase in airway smooth muscle Symposium speaker, American Thoracic Society Annual Meeting, San Diego, CA Functions of p38 MAPkinase in airway smooth muscle Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD Functions of p38 MAPkinase in airway smooth muscle Ross University Medical School, Dominica
2000	Functions of p38 MAP kinases in airway smooth muscle: Cell motility and cytokine geneexpression. Northwestern University p38 MAP kinase and HSP27 mediate smooth muscle cell motility Symposium co-organizer and speaker, American Thoracic Society 2000, Toronto Functions of p38 MAP kinases in smooth muscle Symposium co-chair and speaker, FASEB Summer Conference on Smooth Muscle, Snowmass, Colorado Functions of p38 MAP kinases in smooth muscle Department of Biology, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI P38 MAP kinases signaling in airway smooth muscle Respiratory Pharmacology, SmithKline Beecham, King of Prussia, PA
2001	Functions of MAP kinases in smooth muscles Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Nevada, Reno Functions of MAP kinases in smooth muscles Department of Pharmacology, Temple University Functions of MAP kinases in smooth muscles Vascular Biology and Hypertension Symposium, Univ. Alabama Birmingham Functions of MAP kinases in smooth muscles University of Tennessee, Memphis, Department of Physiology Regulation of cytokine gene expression by MAP kinases in airway smooth muscle Genetics Institute, Wyeth Corp. Andover, MA
2002	MAP kinases in airway smooth muscle: Cell motility and cytokine gene expression American Thoracic Society Symposium on Airway Smooth Muscle Plasticity Regulation of the contractile system in smooth muscle 10th Vascular Neuroeffector Mechanisms, Smooth Muscle Contractility, symposium chair MAP kinases in airway smooth muscle: Cell motility and cytokine gene expression Boston Biomedical Research Institute MAP kinases in airway smooth muscle Harvard School of Public Health, Physiology Section MAP kinases in airway smooth muscle Southeastern Pharmacology Society, symposium on Signal Transduction MAP kinases in airway smooth muscle University of Manitoba, Visiting Professor, Department of Physiology
2003	Multiple functions of p38 MAP kinases in smooth muscles: Contraction, migration and gene expression Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Physiology Multiple functions of p38 MAP kinases in smooth muscles: Contraction, migration and gene expression University of Pennsylvania, Department of Urology Mechanisms of airway smooth muscle cell migration American Thoracic Society, Symposium on “Cell and Molecular Biology of Smooth Muscle” Functions of HSP27 in smooth muscles: Contraction, cell migration and gene expression FASEB Summer Conference, Smooth Muscle
2004	Functions of HSP27 in smooth muscles: Contraction, cell migration and gene expression University of Chicago, Dept. Medicine, Respiratory and Critical Care Actin cytoskeleton remodeling in smooth muscle Experimental Biology 2004, Washington DC, Symposium on “Calcium mobilization to calcium sensitization” Small heat shock proteins in smooth muscle University of Virginia, Symposium in honor of Richard A. Murphy Asthma and airway smooth muscle Honors Program, University of Nevada, Reno
2005	Small heat shock proteins in smooth muscle Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine Small heat shock proteins in smooth muscle James Hogg ICAPTURE Center, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Small heat shock proteins in smooth muscle Meakins-Christie Labs, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec Small heat shock proteins in airway smooth muscle Northeast Smooth Muscle Society, keynote speaker, Sherbrooke, Quebec
2006	Mechanisms of calcium sensitization in airway smooth muscle contraction NHLBI workshop on “Airway smooth muscle in bronchomotor tone, inflammation and remodeling, invited speaker Regulation of cytokine gene expression by MAP kinases in airway smooth muscle Department Surgery, University of Missouri, Kansas City Medical School Small heat shock proteins in airway smooth muscle Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University Small heat shock proteins in airway smooth muscle Boston Biomedical Research Institute Structure, regulation and function of small heat shock proteins in smooth muscle. International Symposium: “Recent research advances in asthma pathogenesis”, invited speaker Mechanism of smooth muscle relaxation by HSP20 Dept. Environmental Sciences, Harvard School of Public Health
2007	Mechanism of smooth muscle relaxation by HSP20 Dept. Physiology and Biophysics, Univ. Alabama, BirminghamFunctions of p38 MAPkinases in smooth muscles: Contraction, cell migration and cytokine expression epartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama

CONTRIBUTIONS TO EDUCATION

Undergraduate Education:

1983-1986	General Pharmacology (nursing undergraduates) ‑ Served as the course coordinator and presented lectures on cardiovascular pharmacology, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, antimicrobial and cancer chemotherapy.
1985-1998	Selected Topics in Pharmacology (undergraduate and graduate) ‑ biochemistry of smooth muscle contraction and excitation‑contraction coupling.
1999-2001	Introduction to Human Pharmacology - Survey of clinically useful drugs intended for undergraduate students with upper division standing. Lectures were presented on antibiotics, antiviral drugs and anticancer drugs.

Graduate Education:

1990-2005	Molecular Pharmacology ‑ Presented lectures to graduate students on autonomic pharmacology and the role of covalent modification of protein in drug‑receptor signal transduction. Topics included protein phosphorylation in signal transduction.
1989-1998	Neuroeffector Pharmacology ‑ Served as the course coordinator and presented lectures to graduate students on cellular physiology and pharmacology of smooth muscles and current topics in neurobiology.
1985-2007	Molecular Cell Biology - Lectures were presented to graduate students on muscle contraction, nonmuscle cell motility, cytoskeleton and the extracellular matrix.
1995, 1998	Communications in Pharmacology and Physiology – Graduate course on lecture techniques, preparation of seminars and professional presentations, preparation of manuscripts, grant applications and peer review process, scientific ethics.

Medical Student Education:

1974‑1978	Graduate assistant in the Medical Pharmacology course at West Virginia University. The main duties were assisting with in vivo autonomic and cardiovascular pharmacology laboratories.
1982‑2007	Medical Pharmacology ‑ Primary assignment is lectures on antimicrobial drugs and cancer chemotherapy. Also presented lectures on nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antihypertensive drugs and a brief overview of toxicology. Assistant course coordinator (1997-2001). Course Coordinator (2002-2007).
1996-2004	Medical Cell Biology (1996, 1997, 2004) - Lectures were presented to medical students on nonmuscle cell motility, cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix proteins.
1998-2007	Problems in Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics (1998 - 2002) - Fourth year elective rotation for medical students. Reviewed current topics in therapeutics of interest to the student.

Students/Faculty/Fellows Mentored:

Undergraduates:

1994	Steven Dang, Biochemistry (Senior thesis)
1996	Kenneth Burnett, Biochemistry (Senior thesis)
1997	Mai Ngo, Biochemistry (Senior thesis)
1998	Kevin Wiesmann, Biology (Honors) Sa Vang (American Heart Assn. Student Research Program) Shaner Bongalon, Biology (Howard Hughes Summer Research Fellowship) Amy K. Cook, Biochemistry (Senior Thesis)
1999	Michael Carty (Biomedical Sciences, Queens University, Belfast) Matthew Free, Biochemistry (Senior Thesis) Jennifer Holder, Biochemistry (Senior Thesis)
2000	Beata Lontay, University of Debrecen, Hungary Esther Jimenez-Ridal, University of the Basque Country, Bilboa, Spain Suzie Paik, Biology (Honors)
2001	Alan McCaffrey, Biochemistry (Senior Thesis)
2002	Jessica Schulz, Biochemistry (Senior Thesis)
2003	Tristan Stiles, Biochemistry (Senior Thesis)
2004	Benjamin Jaquish, Biochemistry (Senior Thesis)
2005	Mindy Chan, Biochemistry (Honors Thesis) Nael Aboul-Hosn, Biochemistry (Senior Thesis)

Ph.D. Students:

1994	Jennifer Pohl, Ph.D., M.D., Staff Physician, Department of. Radiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine
1996	Jeannette McHugh, MSN, Ph.D., Postdoctoral fellow/Instructor, University of California, San Francisco
1997	Janice K. Larsen, Ph.D., Postdoctoral fellow, University of Illinois, Department of Physiology and Biophysics
1999	Jason C. Hedges, Ph.D., Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno
2002	Melissa A. Dechert, Ph.D. Cell and Molecular Biology Instructor, Truckee Meadows Community College
2003	Kimberly Baker Deadmond, B.S., Ph.D., Cell and Molecular Biology Postdoctoral Fellow, University of Texas, Tyler TX Liza Retchnik, B.S., M.S., Cell and Molecular Biology Scientist, Charles Rivers Laboratories, Reno, NV Lisa Hanson, Graduate student (II), Cell and Molecular Biology
2006	Sonemany Salinthone, Ph.D., Cell and Molecular Biology Postdoctoral Fellow, Portland VA Medical Center, Portland, OR
2009(expected)	Andrew Kuhn, MS, Cell and Molecular Biology

Postdoctoral trainees:

1993-1994	Takashi Miyauchi, M.D., Ph.D., Clinical Fellow, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Japan.
1993-1996	Ilia A. Yamboliev, Ph.D., Research Associate Professor, University of Nevada School of Medicine
1998-2001	Cherie A. Singer, Ph.D., Research Assistant Professor, Univ. Nevada School of Medicine

Visiting Scientists:

1993	Koichi Sato, Assistant Professor, Dept. Veterinary Pharmacology, University of Tokyo
2002	William Pearce, Professor of Physiology, Center of Perinatal Biology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA
2007	Geoffrey Maksym, Associate Professor School of Biomedical Engineering, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia

OTHER CONTRIBUTIONS TO SERVICE

Community Service:

Laboratory sponsor, High School Apprentice and Gifted and Talented Programs of the Washoe County School District (1985-1987)
Chairman, Board of Trustees, St. Paul's United Methodist Church, Reno (1989-1991)
Asst. Cubmaster, Cub Scout Pack 180, Reno (1993-1994)
Cubmaster, Cub Scout Pack 180, Reno (1992, 1995-1998)
Guest speaker, Washoe County School District Gifted and Talented Program, Reno, NV, (1999, 2000, 2001)
Presentation to students of Education Collaborative of Washoe County (2005)
Volunteer, Food Bank of Northern Nevada (2005, 2006)

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Journal Publications/Original Papers:

1. Gerthoffer WT, Fedan JS, Westfall DP, Goto K and Fleming WW. Involvement of the sodium-potassium pump in the mechanism of postjunctional supersensitivity of the vas deferens of the guinea pig. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 210: 27-36, 1979.
2. Allen JC, Smith DJ and Gerthoffer WT. Ca++ accumulation and latent Na+, K+-ATPase activity of heterogeneous membrane fractions of vascular smooth muscle. Life Sci 28: 945-950, 1981.
3. Gerthoffer WT and Allen JC. Characteristics of binding of [3H]ouabain to smooth muscle sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase and quantitation of sodium-potassium pump sites. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 217: 692-696, 1981.
4. Gerthoffer WT and Murphy RA. Myosin phosphorylation and regulation of cross-bridge cycle in tracheal smooth muscle. Am J Physiol 244: C182-C187, 1983.
5. Gerthoffer WT and Murphy RA. Ca2+, myosin phosphorylation, and relaxation of arterial smooth muscle. Am J Physiol 245: C271-C277, 1983.
6. Gerthoffer WT, Trevethick MA and Murphy RA. Myosin phosphorylation and cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate in relaxation of arterial smooth muscle by vasodilators. Circ Res 54: 83-89, 1984.
7. Ramos K, Gerthoffer WT and Westfall DP. Atypical calcium sensitivity of chemically skinned smooth muscle of the guinea-pig vas deferens. Proc West Pharmacol Soc 27: 387-389, 1984.
8. Ramos K, Gerthoffer WT and Westfall DP. Denervation-induced supersensitivity to calcium of chemically skinned smooth muscle of the guinea-pig vas deferens. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 236: 80-84, 1986.
9. Gerthoffer WT. Calcium dependence of myosin phosphorylation and airway smooth muscle contraction and relaxation. Am J Physiol 250: C597-C604, 1986.
10. Gerthoffer WT. Dissociation of myosin phosphorylation and active tension during muscarinic stimulation of tracheal smooth muscle. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 240: 8-15, 1987.
11. Gerthoffer WT, Shafer PG and Taylor S. Selectivity of phenytoin and dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers for relaxation of the basilar artery. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 10: 9-15, 1987.
12. Khoyi MA, Westfall DP and Gerthoffer WT. Effects of potassium and norepinephrine on calcium influx in guinea-pig vas deferens. Eur J Pharmacol 140: 55-62, 1987.
13. Gerthoffer WT, Murphey KA and Khoyi MA. Inhibition of tracheal smooth muscle contraction and myosin phosphorylation by ryanodine. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 246: 585-590, 1988.
14. Carey HV, Cooke HJ, Gerthoffer WT and Welling LW. Intestinal transport in megacolonic mice. Alterations in sugar absorption. Dig Dis Sci 34: 185-192, 1989.
15. Kamm KE, Gerthoffer WT, Murphy RA and Bohr DF. Mechanical properties of carotid arteries from DOCA hypertensive swine. Hypertension 13: 102-109, 1989.
16. Gerthoffer WT, Murphey KA and Gunst SJ. Aequorin luminescence, myosin phosphorylation, and active stress in tracheal smooth muscle. Am J Physiol 257: C1062-C1068, 1989.
17. Merkel L, Gerthoffer WT and Torphy TJ. Dissociation between myosin phosphorylation and shortening velocity in canine trachea. Am J Physiol 258: C524-C532, 1990.
18. Ozaki H, Gerthoffer WT, Publicover NG and Sanders KM. Time-dependent decrease in Ca(2+)-sensitivity in "phasic smooth muscle". Adv Exp Med Biol 304: 481-489, 1991.
19. Ozaki H, Gerthoffer WT, Publicover NG, Fusetani N and Sanders KM. Time-dependent changes in Ca2+ sensitivity during phasic contraction of canine antral smooth muscle. J Physiol 440: 207-224, 1991.
20. Gerthoffer WT, Murphey KA, Mangini J, Boman S and Lattanzio FA, Jr. Myosin phosphorylation and calcium in tonic and phasic contractions of colonic smooth muscle. Am J Physiol 260: G958-G964, 1991.
21. Xie YN, Gerthoffer WT, Reddy SN, Cominelli F, Eysselein VE and Snape WJ, Jr. An abnormal rate of actin myosin cross-bridge cycling in colonic smooth muscle associated with experimental colitis. Am J Physiol 262: G921-G926, 1992.
22. Gunst SJ, Gerthoffer WT and al-Hassani MH. Ca2+ sensitivity of contractile activation during muscarinic stimulation of tracheal muscle. Am J Physiol 263: C1258-C1265, 1992.
23. Ozaki H, Gerthoffer WT, Hori M, Karaki H, Sanders KM and Publicover NG. Ca2+ regulation of the contractile apparatus in canine gastric smooth muscle. J Physiol 460: 33-50, 1993.
24. Smith TK, Ward SM, Zhang L, Buxton IL, Gerthoffer WT, Sanders KM and Keef KD. Beta-adrenergic inhibition of electrical and mechanical activity in canine colon: role of cAMP. Am J Physiol 264: G708-G717, 1993.
25. Torihashi S, Kobayashi S, Gerthoffer WT and Sanders KM. Interstitial cells in deep muscular plexus of canine small intestine may be specialized smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol 265: G638-G645, 1993.
26. Khoyi MA, Dalziel HH, Zhang L, Bjur RA, Gerthoffer WT, Buxton IL and Westfall DP. [Ca2+]i-sensitive, IP3-independent Ca2+ influx in smooth muscle of rat vas deferens revealed by procaine. Br J Pharmacol 110: 1353-1358, 1993.
27. Torihashi S, Gerthoffer WT, Kobayashi S and Sanders KM. Identification and classification of interstitial cells in the canine proximal colon by ultrastructure and immunocytochemistry. Histochemistry 101: 169-183, 1994.
28. Gerthoffer WT and Pohl J. Caldesmon and calponin phosphorylation in regulation of smooth muscle contraction. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 72: 1410-1414, 1994.
29. Sato K, Sanders KM, Gerthoffer WT and Publicover NG. Sources of calcium utilized in cholinergic responses in canine colonic smooth muscle. Am J Physiol 267: C1666-C1673, 1994.
30. Sato K, Leposavic R, Publicover NG, Sanders KM and Gerthoffer WT. Sensitization of the contractile system of canine colonic smooth muscle by agonists and phorbol ester. J Physiol 481 ( Pt 3): 677-688, 1994.
31. Larsen JK, Gerthoffer WT, Hickey E and Weber LA. Cloning and sequencing of a cDNA encoding the canine HSP27 protein. Gene 161: 305-306, 1995.
32. Burke EP, Gerthoffer WT, Sanders KM and Publicover NG. Wortmannin inhibits contraction without altering electrical activity in canine gastric smooth muscle. Am J Physiol 270: C1405-C1412, 1996.
33. Gerthoffer WT. Agonist synergism in airway smooth muscle contraction. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 278: 800-807, 1996.
34. Gerthoffer WT, Yamboliev IA, Shearer M, Pohl J, Haynes R, Dang S, Sato K and Sellers JR. Activation of MAP kinases and phosphorylation of caldesmon in canine colonic smooth muscle. J Physiol 495 ( Pt 3): 597-609, 1996.
35. Pohl J, Winder SJ, Allen BG, Walsh MP, Sellers JR and Gerthoffer WT. Phosphorylation of calponin in airway smooth muscle. Am J Physiol 272: L115-L123, 1997.
36. Gerthoffer WT, Yamboliev IA, Pohl J, Haynes R, Dang S and McHugh J. Activation of MAP kinases in airway smooth muscle. Am J Physiol 272: L244-L252, 1997.
37. Horner MJ, Ward SM, Gerthoffer WT, Sanders KM and Horowitz B. Maintenance of morphology and function of canine proximal colon smooth muscle in organ culture. Am J Physiol 272: G669-G680, 1997.
38. Mutafova-Yambolieva VN, Yamboliev IA, Gerthoffer WT and Westfall DP. Effects of natriuretic peptides and endothelins on the nerve-evoked release of adenine nucleotides and nucleosides in guinea-pig vas deferens. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 75: 1083-1087, 1997.
39. Larsen JK, Yamboliev IA, Weber LA and Gerthoffer WT. Phosphorylation of the 27-kDa heat shock protein via p38 MAP kinase and MAPKAP kinase in smooth muscle. Am J Physiol 273: L930-L940, 1997.
40. Hedges JC, Yamboliev IA, Ngo M, Horowitz B, Adam LP and Gerthoffer WT. p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase expression and activation in smooth muscle. Am J Physiol 275: C527-C534, 1998.
41. Yamboliev IA, Hruby A and Gerthoffer WT. Endothelin-1 activates MAP kinases and c-Jun in pulmonary artery smooth muscle. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 11: 205-208, 1998.
42. Hedges JC, Dechert MA, Yamboliev IA, Martin JL, Hickey E, Weber LA and Gerthoffer WT. A role for p38(MAPK)/HSP27 pathway in smooth muscle cell migration. J Biol Chem 274: 24211-24219, 1999.
43. Cook AK, Carty M, Singer CA, Yamboliev IA and Gerthoffer WT. Coupling of M(2) muscarinic receptors to ERK MAP kinases and caldesmon phosphorylation in colonic smooth muscle. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 278: G429-G437, 2000.
44. Yamboliev IA, Hedges JC, Mutnick JL, Adam LP and Gerthoffer WT. Evidence for modulation of smooth muscle force by the p38 MAP kinase/HSP27 pathway. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 278: H1899-H1907, 2000.
45. Hedges JC, Singer CA and Gerthoffer WT. Mitogen-activated protein kinases regulate cytokine gene expression in human airway myocytes. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 23: 86-94, 2000.
46. Yamboliev IA, Wiesmann KM, Singer CA, Hedges JC and Gerthoffer WT. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases regulate ERK and p38 MAP kinases in canine colonic smooth muscle. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 279: C352-C360, 2000.
47. Hedges JC, Oxhorn BC, Carty M, Adam LP, Yamboliev IA and Gerthoffer WT. Phosphorylation of caldesmon by ERK MAP kinases in smooth muscle. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 278: C718-C726, 2000.
48. Yamboliev IA and Gerthoffer WT . Modulatory role of ERK MAPK-caldesmon pathway in PDGF-stimulated migration of cultured pulmonary artery SMCs. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 280: C1680-C1688, 2001.
49. Dechert MA, Holder JM and Gerthoffer WT. p21-activated kinase 1 participates in tracheal smooth muscle cell migration by signaling to p38 Mapk. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 281: C123-C132, 2001.
50. Yamboliev IA, Chen J and Gerthoffer WT. PI 3-kinases and Src kinases regulate spreading and migration of cultured VSMCs. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 281: C709-C718, 2001.
51. Gerthoffer WT and Gunst SJ. Invited review: focal adhesion and small heat shock proteins in the regulation of actin remodeling and contractility in smooth muscle. J Appl Physiol 91: 963-972, 2001.
52. Garcia JG, Liu F, Verin AD, Birukova A, Dechert MA, Gerthoffer WT, Bamberg JR and English D. Sphingosine 1-phosphate promotes endothelial cell barrier integrity by Edg-dependent cytoskeletal rearrangement. J Clin Invest 108: 689-701, 2001.
53. Nauli SM, Ally A, Zhang L, Gerthoffer WT and Pearce WJ. Maturation attenuates the effects of cGMP on contraction, [Ca2+]i and Ca2+ sensitivity in ovine basilar arteries. Gen Pharmacol 35: 107-118, 2000.
54. Singer CA, Vang S and Gerthoffer WT. Coupling of M(2) muscarinic receptors to Src activation in cultured canine colonic smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 282: G61-G68, 2002.
55. Wang XY, Ward SM, Gerthoffer WT and Sanders KM. PKC-epsilon translocation in enteric neurons and interstitial cells of Cajal in response to muscarinic stimulation. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 285: G593-G601, 2003.
56. Pearce WJ, Williams JM, Chang MM and Gerthoffer WT. ERK inhibition attenuates 5-HT-induced contractions in fetal and adult ovine carotid arteries. Arch Physiol Biochem 111: 36-44, 2003.
57. Singer CA, Baker KJ, McCaffrey A, AuCoin DP, Dechert MA and Gerthoffer WT. p38 MAPK and NF-kappaB mediate COX-2 expression in human airway myocytes. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 285: L1087-L1098, 2003.
58. An SS, Fabry B, Mellema M, Bursac P, Gerthoffer WT, Kayyali US, Gaestel M, Shore SA and Fredberg JJ. Role of heat shock protein 27 in cytoskeletal remodeling of the airway smooth muscle cell. J Appl Physiol 96: 1701-1713, 2004.
59. Weber DS, Taniyama Y, Rocic P, Seshiah PN, Dechert MA, Gerthoffer WT and Griendling KK. Phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 and p21-activated protein kinase mediate reactive oxygen species-dependent regulation of platelet-derived growth factor-induced smooth muscle cell migration. Circ Res 94: 1219-1226, 2004.
60. Salinthone S, Singer CA and Gerthoffer WT. Inflammatory gene expression by human colonic smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 287: G627-G637, 2004.
61. Dowell ML, Lakser OJ, Gerthoffer WT, Fredberg JJ, Stelmack GL, Halayko AJ, Solway J and Mitchell RW. Latrunculin B increases force fluctuation-induced relengthening of ACh-contracted, isotonically shortened canine tracheal smooth muscle. J Appl Physiol 98: 489-497, 2005.
62. Borbiev T, Birukova A, Liu F, Nurmukhambetova S, Gerthoffer WT, Garcia JG and Verin AD. p38 MAP kinase-dependent regulation of endothelial cell permeability. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 287: L911-L918, 2004.
63. Bai TR, Bates JH, Brusasco V, Camoretti-Mercado B, Chitano P, Deng LH, Dowell M, Fabry B, Ford LE, Fredberg JJ, Gerthoffer WT, Gilbert SH, Gunst SJ, Hai CM, Halayko AJ, Hirst SJ, James AL, Janssen LJ, Jones KA, King GG, Lakser OJ, Lambert RK, Lauzon AM, Lutchen KR, Maksym GN, Meiss RA, Mijailovich SM, Mitchell HW, Mitchell RW, Mitzner W, Murphy TM, Pare PD, Schellenberg RR, Seow CY, Sieck GC, Smith PG, Smolensky AV, Solway J, Stephens NL, Stewart AG, Tang DD and Wang L. On the terminology for describing the length-force relationship and its changes in airway smooth muscle. J Appl Physiol 97: 2029-2034, 2004.
64. Islamovic E, Gerthoffer WT and Mestril R. Hsp20 is essential for the viability of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2005.
65. Gerthoffer WT. Signal-transduction pathways that regulate visceral smooth muscle function. III. Coupling of muscarinic receptors to signaling kinases and effector proteins in gastrointestinal smooth muscles. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 288: G849-G853, 2005.
66. Woolfolk EA, Eguchi S, Ohtsu H, Nakashima H, Ueno H, Gerthoffer WT and Motley ED. Angiotensin II-induced activation of p21-activated kinase 1 requires Ca2+ and protein kinase C{delta} in vascular smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 289: C1286-C1294, 2005.
67. Nauli SM, Williams JM, Gerthoffer WT and Pearce WJ. Chronic hypoxia modulates relations among calcium, myosin light chain phosphorylation, and force differently in fetal and adult ovine basilar arteries. J Appl Physiol 99: 120-127, 2005.
68. Cao H, Dronadula N, Rizvi F, Li Q, Srivastava K, Gerthoffer WT and Rao GN. Novel role for STAT-5B in the regulation of Hsp27-FGF-2 axis facilitating thrombin-induced vascular smooth muscle cell growth and motility. Circ Res 98: 913-922, 2006.
69. Gosens R, Stelmack GL, Dueck G, McNeill KD, Yamasaki A, Gerthoffer WT, Unruh H, Gounni AS, Zaagsma J and Halayko AJ. Role of caveolin-1 in p42/p44 MAP kinase activation and proliferation of human airway smooth muscle. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 291: L523-L534, 2006.
70. Tran T, McNeill KD, Gerthoffer WT, Unruh H and Halayko AJ. Endogenous laminin is required for human airway smooth muscle cell maturation. Respir Res 7: 117, 2006.
71. Ohama T, Hori M, Momotani E, Elorza M, Gerthoffer WT and Ozaki H. IL-1beta inhibits intestinal smooth muscle proliferation in an organ culture system: involvement of COX-2 and iNOS induction in muscularis resident macrophages. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 292: G1315-G1322, 2007.
72. Gosens R, Dueck G, Gerthoffer WT, Unruh H, Zaagsma J, Meurs H and Halayko AJ. p42/p44 MAP kinase activation is localized to caveolae-free membrane domains in airway smooth muscle. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 292: L1163-L1172, 2007.
73. Islamovic E, Duncan A, Bers DM, Gerthoffer WT and Mestril R. Importance of small heat shock protein 20 (hsp20) C-terminal extension in cardioprotection. J Mol Cell Cardiol 42: 862-869, 2007.
74. Al-Madhoun AS, Chen YX, Haidari L, Rayner K, Gerthoffer W, McBride H and O'Brien ER. The interaction and cellular localization of HSP27 and ERbeta are modulated by 17beta-estradiol and HSP27 phosphorylation. Mol Cell Endocrinol 270: 33-42, 2007.
75. An SS, Bai TR, Bates JH, Black JL, Brown RH, Brusasco V, Chitano P, Deng L, Dowell M, Eidelman DH, Fabry B, Fairbank NJ, Ford LE, Fredberg JJ, Gerthoffer WT, Gilbert SH, Gosens R, Gunst SJ, Halayko AJ, Ingram RH, Irvin CG, James AL, Janssen LJ, King GG, Knight DA, Lauzon AM, Lakser OJ, Ludwig MS, Lutchen KR, Maksym GN, Martin JG, Mauad T, McParland BE, Mijailovich SM, Mitchell HW, Mitchell RW, Mitzner W, Murphy TM, Pare PD, Pellegrino R, Sanderson MJ, Schellenberg RR, Seow CY, Silveira PS, Smith PG, Solway J, Stephens NL, Sterk PJ, Stewart AG, Tang DD, Tepper RS, Tran T and Wang L. Airway smooth muscle dynamics: a common pathway of airway obstruction in asthma. Eur Respir J 29: 834-860, 2007.
76. Trepat X, Deng L, An SS, Navajas D, Tschumperlin DJ, Gerthoffer WT, Butler JP and Fredberg JJ. Universal physical responses to stretch in the living cell. Nature 447: 592-595, 2007.
77. Salinthone, S., L. Hansen, A.J. Halayko and W.T. Gerthoffer. Modulation of Airway Smooth Muscle Myocyte Proliferation and Survival by Hsp27. Am. J. Physiology, Lung Cell and Molec., in press.
78. Sandoval, R.J., E.R. Inheti, J.M. Williams, W.T. Gerthoffer and W.J. Pearce. Myogenic contractility is more dependent on myofilament calcium sensitization in fetal that adult ovine cerebral arteries, in preparation.

Invited Reviews and Chapters:

Murphy, R.A., Aksoy M.O., Dillon, P.F., Gerthoffer, W.T., and Kamm, K.E. The role of myosin light chain phosphorylation in regulation of the cross‑bridge cycle. Fed. Proc., 42: 45‑50, 1983.
Murphy, R.A., Aksoy, M.O., Cohen, D.M., Fatigati, V., and Gerthoffer, W.T. The contractile apparatus and functional diversity in vertebrate smooth muscle. In Vascular Neuroeffector Mechanisms, ed. by J.A. Bevan et al., Raven Press, N.Y.75‑84, 1983.
Murphy, R.A., Aksoy, M.O., Dillon, P.F., Gerthoffer, W.T., Kamm, K.E., and Weisbrodt, N.W. Myosin light chain phosphorylation modulates crossbridge kinetics in mammalian smooth muscles. In The Mechanics of Smooth Muscle, ed. by N.L. Stephens, Marcel Dekker, pp. 391‑403, 1984.
Murphy, R.A. and Gerthoffer, W.T. Cell calcium and contractile system regulation in arterial smooth muscle. In Calcium Antagonists and Cardiovascular Disease, ed. by L.H. Opie, Raven Press, N.Y pp. 37‑45, 1984.
Murphy, R.A., Gerthoffer, W.T., Trevethick, M.A., and Singer, H.A. Ca2+‑dependent regulatory mechanisms in smooth muscle. In Mechanisms of Vasodilation, ed. by P.M. Vanhoutte et al., S. Karger, Basel, pp. 99‑107, 1984.
Westfall, D.P., Ramos, K. and Gerthoffer, W.T. Mechanisms of altered effector responsiveness. In Vascular Neuroeffector Mechanisms, ed. by J.A. Bevan et al., Elsevier Science Pub., Amsterdam, pp. 187‑191, 1985.
Torphy, T.J., and W.T. Gerthoffer. Biochemical regulation of airway smooth muscle tone. In Current Topics in Pulmonary Pharmacology and Toxicology, ed. by M.A. Hollinger, Praeger Publishing Co., Vol. 1, 23‑56, 1987.
Xie, Y.N., Gerthoffer, W.T., Reddy, S.N., Eysselein, V.E., Cominelli, F, and Snape, W. J. Effect of mucosal inflammation on colonic smooth muscle contraction. In Effects of Immune Cells and Inflammation of Smooth Muscle Enteric Nerves, ed. by W.J. Snape, Jr. and S. Collins, CRC Press, pp. 65‑81, 1990.
Gerthoffer, W.T. Regulation of the contractile element of airway smooth muscle. Am. J. Physiol (Lung Cell. and Molec.), 261: L15‑L28, 1991.
Gerthoffer, W.T. Current concepts of force maintenance in airways smooth muscle. In: Airways Smooth Muscle: A Reference Source. Vol. II Biochemical Control of Airways Smooth Muscle Tone, ed. by M.A. Giembycz and D. Raeburn, Birkhauser Verlag, pp. 117-136, 1994.
Westfall, D.P. and W.T. Gerthoffer. Vasodilators. In Human Pharmacology - Molecular to Clinical, 2 nd Edition, ed. by T.M. Brody, pp. 239-248, 1997.
Gerthoffer, W.T. and Larsen, J.K. Regulation of smooth muscle contraction. In: A Functional view of Smooth Muscle, ed. By E.E. Bittar, L. Barr and G.J. Christ, JAI Press, Stamford, CN, pp. 49-79, 2000.
Gerthoffer, W.T. and Singer, C.A. Secretory functions of smooth muscle cells mediated by cytokines and growth factors. Molecular Interventions, 2: 447-456, 2002.
Singer, C.A., Salinthone, S., Baker, K.J. and Gerthoffer, W.T. Synthesis of immune modulators by smooth muscles. BioEssays, 26: 646-655, 2004.
Gerthoffer, W.T. Mechanisms of vascular smooth muscle cell migration. Circ. Res., 100: 607-621, 2007.
Gerthoffer, W.T. Migration of airway smooth muscle cells. Proc. Amer. Thoracic. Soc., in press. Panettieri, R. A., Lakser, O. J., Gerthoffer, W. T., Hickey, E., Woodruff, P. G., Hall, I. P., and Banks-Schlegel, S. Airway Smooth Muscle in Bronchial Tone, Inflammation and Remodeling: Basic Knowledge to Clinical Relevance. Am.J.Respir.Critical Care Med. X(in press), 1-x., 2007.

Abstracts:

Gerthoffer, W.T. and Westfall, D.P. Characterization of the beta‑adrenoceptors of the guinea‑pig vas deferens. Pharmacologist. 18: 141, 1976.
Gerthoffer, W.T., Fedan, J.S., Westfall, D.P., Fleming, W.W., and Stitzel, R.E. Effect of denervation on the (Na+,K+) activated, Mg++‑dependent ATPase activity in guinea‑pig vas deferens. Fed. Proc. 36: 1021, 1976.
Gerthoffer, W.T., Fedan, J.S., Westfall, D.P., and Fleming, W.W. Effect of chronic reserpine treatment on the (Na+,K+) ATPase activity in guinea‑pig vas deferens. Pharmacologist 19: 141, 1977.
Gerthoffer,W.T., Fedan, J.S., Westfall, D.P. and Fleming, W.W. Characterization of subcellular fractions of the guinea‑pig vas deferens: Effect of denervation on marker enzymes. Fed. Proc. 37: 784, 1978.
Gerthoffer, W.T., Fedan, J.S., Westfall, D.P., and Fleming, W.W. Kinetic characteristics of Na+, K+ ATPase of supersensitive guinea‑pig vas deferens.Pharmacologist 20: 208, 1978.
Gerthoffer, W.T. and Allen, J.C.Binding of 3H‑ouabain to crude microsomes from the smooth muscle of the vas deferens of the guinea pig. Fed. Proc. 38: 372, 1979.
Gerthoffer, W.T. and Allen, J.C. Estimation of the number of 3H‑ouabain (3H‑O) binding sites in the smooth muscle of the vas deferens. Pharmacologist 21: 145, 1979.
Gerthoffer, W.T. and Allen, J.C. Comparison of the number of Na+,K+‑pump sites in cardiac and smooth muscle. Physiologist 23: 95, 1980.
Gerthoffer, W.T. and Murphy, R.A.Myosin phosphorylation and contraction of airway smooth muscle. Physiologist 24: 118, 1981.
Gerthoffer, W.T., Murphy, R.A. and Mras, S. Myosin phosphorylation and relaxation rates of smooth muscle from swine carotid artery. Fed. Proc. 41:978, 1982.
Gerthoffer, W.T. and Murphy, R.A. Vasodilator mechanisms: Ca++, cyclic AMP and myosin phosphorylation. Fed. Proc. 42: 572, 1983.
Kamm, K.E., Singer, H.A., Gerthoffer, W.T. and Murphy, R.A. Activation rates in arterial smooth muscle. Fed. Proc. 42: 1262, 1983.
Gerthoffer, W.T., Franzl, R.E. and Cooke, H.J. Intestinal mucosal ATPase activities of the piebald mouse model for Hirschprung's disease. Fed. Proc. 43: 1080, 1984.
Gerthoffer, W.T. Dose‑dependence of isotonic shortening velocity and isometric stress in canine tracheal smooth muscle. Proc. W. Pharm. Soc., 27: 137‑139, 1984.
Ramos, K., Gerthoffer, W.T. and Westfall, D.P. Atypical calcium‑sensitivity of chemically skinned smooth muscle of the guinea‑pig vas deferens. Proc. W. Pharm. Soc., 27: 387‑389, 1984.
Gerthoffer, W.T. Dose‑dependence of shortening velocity and isometric stress in tracheal smooth muscle. Proc. 9th Int. Congress Pharmacol., 524, 1984.
Gerthoffer, W.T. Calcium‑dependence of myosin dephosphorylation during relaxation of tracheal smooth muscle. Biophys. J . 47: 298a, 1985.
Gerthoffer, W.T. Myosin phosphorylation in airway smooth muscle in low extracellular calcium. Biophys. J., 49: 72a, 1986.
Gerthoffer, W.T. Agonist and calcium‑dependence of myosin phosphorylation and contraction of airway smooth muscle. J. Muscle Res. Cell Motil., 1986.
Gerthoffer, W.T., K. Murphey and M. McGinnis. Calcium‑dependence of shortening velocity in canine tracheal smooth muscle. Biophys. J. 51: 335a, 1987.
Gerthoffer, W.T., and M. McGinnis. Calcium‑dependence of shortening velocity in canine basilar artery. Fed. Proc. 46: 652, 1987.
Gerthoffer, W.T., M.A. Khoyi and K.A. Murphey.Ryanodine disrupts excitation‑contraction coupling in tracheal smooth muscle. Biophys. J. 53:523a, 1988.
Gerthoffer, W.T. and K.A. Murphey.Time‑dependent changes in myosin phosphorylation and shortening velocity during contraction of canine colonic smooth muscle. Amer. Motil. Soc., 1988.
Gerthoffer, W.T., Stropp, J.Q., and Gunst, S.J. Correlation of aequorin luminescence, myosin phosphorylation and contraction of canine tracheal smooth muscle. Fed. Proc. 47: 1988.
Al‑Hassani, M.H., W.T. Gerthoffer and S.J. Gunst. Receptor occupancy affects changes in intracellular free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]) and myosin phosphorylation caused by muscarinic activation of canine tracheal smooth muscle. Biophys J. 55: 470a, 1989.
Khoyi, M.A., W.T. Gerthoffer and D.P. Westfall.Modulation of Ca2+ translocation by procaine in the rat vas deferens: Evidence for calcium‑dependent inactivation of calcium influx. The Pharmacologist, 1989.
Gerthoffer, W.T., K.A. Murphey, J. Mangini and F. Lattanzio. Regulation of the contractile system in colonic smooth muscle. Physiologist 32:147a, 1989.
Pike, M.M., T.P. Ringkob, Y.O. Koh, and W.T. Gerthoffer. Effect of early postmortem pH on beef tenderness. J. Anim. Sci. 67 (Suppl. 22): 21a, 1989.
Gerthoffer, W.T. and J. Mangini. Differential effect of W7 on Ca‑induced contraction and myosin phosphorylation in tracheal smooth muscle. Biophys. J. 57: 159a, 1990.
Xie, Y.N., S.N. Reddy, W. Gerthoffer, W.J. Snape, Jr. Effect of mucosal inflammation on colonic smooth muscle contraction. American Gastroenterological Association, 1990.
Ozaki, H., W.T. Gerthoffer, N.G. Publicover, and K.M. Sanders. Time‑dependent decrease in Ca2+‑sensitivity in "phasic smooth muscle". In: Regulation of Smooth Muscle, ed. by R.S. Moreland, 1991.
Gerthoffer, W.T., T.J. Torphy and K.A. Murphey. Correlation of shortening velocity with myosin phosphorylation and cAMP‑dependent protein kinase activity (A‑kinase) in canine tracheal smooth muscle. In: Regulation of Smooth Muscle, ed. by R.S. Moreland, 1991.
Xie, Y.N., W.T. Gerthoffer, J.J. Chen, L. Chang, V.E. Eysselein, X.H. Hou and W.J. Snape, Jr. Phosphatidylinositol metabolism and myosin light chain phosphorylation in colitic colon smooth muscle. Amer. Gastroenterological Assoc., 1991.
Pohl, J., M.P. Walsh, and W.T.Gerthoffer. Calponin and caldesmon phosphorylation in canine tracheal smooth muscle. Biophys. J. 59: 58a, 1991.
Gerthoffer, W.T., K.A. Murphey and J. Mangini. Differences in the calcium-dependence of myosin light chain phosphorylation and force in canine smooth muscles. Biophys. J. 61: 16a, 1992.
Gerthoffer,W.T., Hamelin,M., and Buxton,L.Z. Mechanism of contractile system sensitization of circular smooth muscle of canine colon. American Motilitly Society, 1992.
Zhang,L., W.T. Gerthoffer, and Buxton,I.L.O. The action of 5-hydroxytyptamine on canine colonic motility. American Motility Society, 1992.
Zhang,L. W.T. Gerthoffer, and I.L.O. Buxton. Inhibition of canine colonic motility by 5-hydroxytryptamine. 2nd International Symposium on Serotonin, 1992.
Xie, Y.N., W.T. Gerthoffer, H. Ennes and W.J. Snape Jr. Effect of mucosal inflammation on the major contractile proteins in colonic smooth muscle. Amer. Gastroenterology Soc. 1992.
Gerthoffer, W.T., J. Pohl, M. Montella and J. McHugh. hosphorylation of a 25 kDa protein associated with smooth muscle actin, ropomyosin and calponin. Biophys. J. 64: A29, 1993.
McHugh, J., M. Hamelin, K. Korver, and W.T. Gerthoffer.Thin filament associated 25 kDa protein (p25) induced by heat stress in tracheal smooth muscle. Proc. W. Pharm. Soc., 1993.
Warth, J. and W.T. Gerthoffer. Purification of a 25 kda thin filament associated protein from canine colon smooth muscle. Proc. W. Pharm. Soc., 1993.
Torihashi, S., W.T. Gerthoffer and K.M. Sanders. Ultrastructure and immunocytochemistry of interstitial cells of the deep muscular plexus in the canine small intestine. Proc. 51st Annual Meeting of the Microscopy Society of America, ed. by G.W. Bailey and C.L. Rieder, San Francisco Press, San Francisco CA, pp. 24-25, 1993.
Pohl, J., and W.T. Gerthoffer. Calponin phosphorylation stoichiometry in intact smooth muscle. Biophys. J. 60: A198, 1994
Sato, K., R. Leposavic, N.G. Publicover, W.T. Gerthoffer and K.M. Sanders. Effects of neurokinin A and vasopressin on cytosolic Ca2+ concentration and contraction in colonic smooth muscle. Biophys. J. 60: A97, 1994.
Gerthoffer, W.T. and J.R. Sellers. Effects of phosphorylation of calponin and caldesmon on actin sliding velocity. Biophys. J. 60: A198, 1994.
Gerthoffer, W.T., I. Yamboliev, R. Haynes and J. Pohl. Activation of MAP kinases by muscarinic agonists in mammalian smooth muscle. J. Cell Biol. 5: 399a, 1994.
Yamboliev, I., Pliml, J. and W.T. Gerthoffer. Mitogen activated protein kinases in mammalian smooth muscle. Biophys. J. 68: 339A, 1995.
Larsen, J., I. Yamboliev and W.T. Gerthoffer. Phosphorylation of the 27kDa heat shock protein (HSP27) in smooth muscle. Biophys. J. 70: A434, 1996.
Yamboliev, I.Y., J. Larsen, K. Burnett and W.T. Gerthoffer. Activation of MAPKAP Kinase-2 in smooth muscle by a muscarinic agonist. J. Cell Biol. 7:539a, 1996.
Gerthoffer, W.T., J. Larsen, J. Hedges, A. Cook and L. Weber. Adenovirus mediated expression of mutant human hsp27 in cultured canine smooth muscle cells. Biophys. J. 72: A178, 1997.
Hedges, J.C., Yamboliev, I.A., Horowitz, B., Adam, L.P. and Gerthoffer, W.T. p38 MAP kinase expression and activation in smooth muscle. FASEB J. 12: A449, 1998.
Gerthoffer, W.T., K. Wiesmann, J.C. Hedges and I.A. Yamboliev. PI3-kinase couples muscarinic receptors to ERK and p38 map kinases in canine colonic smooth muscle. FASEB J. 12: A149, 1998.
Hedges, J.C., M. Dechert, S. Bongalon, I. A. lamboliev, and W.T. Gerthoffer. p38 MAP kinase activation by growth factors and proinflammatory cytokines mediates cell migration in airway smooth muscle. J. Cell Biol., 9: 288a, 1998.
Gerthoffer, W.T., C.A. Singer and S. Vang. Coupling of muscarinic receptors and Src-family tyrosine kinases in mammalian smooth muscle J. Cell Biol., 9: 359a, 1998.
Hedges, J.C., Yamboliev, I.A., Horowitz, B., Adam, L.P. and Gerthoffer, W.T. p38 MAP kinase expression and activation in smooth muscle. J. Muscle Res. And Cell Motility. 20, pp581-601, 1999.
Gerthoffer, W.T., J.C. Hedges and C.A. Singer. P38 and ERK MAP kinases regulate cytokine gene expression in human airway myocytes. Am. J. Respir. Cell and Molec. Biol., 2000.
Dechert, M.A., J.M. Holder and W.T. Gerthoffer. PAK1 participates in tracheal smooth muscle cell migration by signaling to p38 MAPK. Molec. Biol. Cell, 11, Supplement, 180a, 2000.
Singer, C.A., K.J. Baker and W.T. Gerthoffer. A role for HSP27 in mechanotransduction of airway smooth muscle gene expression. Molec. Biol. Cell, 11, Supplement, 434a, 2000.
Singer, C.A., J.C. Hedges and W.T. Gerthoffer. MAPK regulation of cytokine gene expression in airway myocytes. FASEB Summer Conference on Smooth Muscle, 2000.
Yamboliev, I.A. and W.T. Gerthoffer. ERK MAP kinase, caldesmon phosphorylation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells. FASEB Summer Conference on Smooth Muscle, 2000.
Dechert, M.A., J.M. Holder and W.T. Gerthoffer. PAK1 regulates smooth muscle cell migration by signaling to the p38 MAPK pathway. FASEB Summer Conference on Smooth Muscle, 2000.
Gerthoffer, W.T., J.C. Hedges and V. Flannigan. Protein transduction of airway smooth muscle with TAT-RHO A chimeric protein sensitizes contraction. Am. J. Resp. Cell and Molec. Biol., vol. p. 2002.
Islamovic, E. W.T. Gerthoffer, R. Mestril1. Effects of small heat shock protein 20 (Hsp20) withdrawal on neonatal rat cardiomyocytes under both normal and stressed conditions. FASEB J., 2002.
Salinthone, S., C.A. Singer, C.A., Gerthoffer. Inflammatory gene expression in human colonic smooth muscle cells. Molec. Biol. Cell, 13, 241a, 2002.
Rechetnik, L., C. A. Singer, and W. T. Gerthoffer. Expression of Tristetraprolin in Human Smooth Muscle Cells.Molec. Biol. Cell, 13, 241a, 2002.
Baker, K.J. and W. T. Gerthoffer. HSP27 mediates cytokine stimulated gene expression in human bronchial smooth muscle cells. Molec. Biol. Cell, 13, 243a, 2002.
Dechert, M.A., and W. T. Gerthoffer. TNFα-mediated NF-κB activation and gene expression does not involve p21-activated kinase 1. Molec. Biol. Cell, 13, 242a, 2002.
Singer, C.A., and W. T. Gerthoffer. Cytokine stimulated expression of the T-box transcription factorT-bet in human bronchial smooth muscle cells. Molec. Biol. Cell, 13, 243a, 2002.
Baker, K.J., C. A. Singer and W. T. Gerthoffer. HSP27 Mediated Gene Expression in Human Bronchial Smooth Muscle Cells: Potential Mechanisms. Molec. Biol. Cell 14, 494a, 2003.
Gerthoffer, W.T. and E. Rechetnik. Cytokines Induce Expression of Tristetraprolin in Human Bronchial Smooth Muscle Cells. Am. J. Resp. Cell and Molec. Biol., 2003.
Hanson, L.J., C. A. Singer and W. T. Gerthoffer. Characterization of Adenoviral-Mediated Overexpression of MAPKAP kinases MK2 and MK3 in Human Airway Myocytes. Molec. Biol. Cell 14, 494a, 2003.
Salinthone, S. and W.T. Gerthoffer. Apoptotic Response of Human Bronchial Smooth Muscle Cells to Hydrogen Peroxide and Sodium Nitroprusside. Molec. Biol. Cell 14, 159a, 2003.
Singer, C.A. and W. T. Gerthoffer. Downstream Effectors of Src Signaling Pathways Involved in Cytokine-Stimulated Gene Expression in Human Airway Myocytes. Molec. Biol. Cell 14, 496a, 2003.
Dowell, M., O.J. Lasker, N. Dulin, M. Hershenson, W.T. Gerthoffer, J. Solway and R.W. Mitchell. Both ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK regulate the plasticity/elasticity balance of Ach-contraced canine tracheal smooth muscle (TSM). Am. J. Resp. Crit. Care Med. 169(7), A28, 2004.
Gerthoffer, W.T., G.S. Pari, and R.B. Wysolmerski. Immortalized human airway smooth muscle cells with a contractile phenotype. Am. J. Resp. Crit. Care Med. 169(7), A188, 2004.
Mitchell, R.W., M. Dowell, O. Lakser, N. Dulin, W. Gerthoffer, and J. Solway. Very different force (F) oscillation-induced lengthening of Ach- vs KCl-contracted canine tracheal smooth muscle (TSM). Am. J. Resp. Crit. Care Med. 169(7), A447, 2004.
Lakser, O., M. Dowell, W. Gerthoffer, J. Solway and R.W. Mitchell. Jasplakinolide (Jasp) blunts latrunculin B (Lat B)-inducd increase in mechanical plasticity of Ach-contracted canine tracheal smooth muscle (CTSM) strips. Am. J. Resp. Crit. Care Med. 169(7), A447, 2004.
Singer, C.A., L.J. Hanson, M. Grous, M. Salmon, W.T. Gerthoffer. Role of MK2 and MK3 in cytokine gene expression and secretion in airway smooth muscle. Proc. American Thoracic Soc. 2: A78, 2005.
Yamasaki, A., G. Dueck, K. McNeill, G.L. Stelmack, S.Y. Ji, H. Unruh, W.T. Gerthoffer, and A.J. Halayko. TGFbeta induces a contractile phenotype in immortalized human bronchial smooth muscle cells. Proc. American Thoracic Soc. 2: A251, 2005.
Salinthone, S., and W.T. Gerthoffer. The effect of HSP27 overexpression on human airway smooth muscle cell survival. Proc. American Thoracic Soc. 2: A236, 2005.
Gerthoffer, W.T., M.Ba, C. Brophy. HSP20 phosphorylation and airway smooth muscle relaxation. Proc. American Thoracic Soc. 3: A27, 2006.
Tran, T., E. Rector, K. McNeill, W.T. Gerthoffer, H. Unruh, and A.J. Halayko. Laminin is required for human airway smooth muscle phenotype maturation. Proc. American Thoracic Soc. 3: A261, 2006.
McNeill, K., T. Tran, a. Reinisch, R. Gosens, E.J. Frohwerk, W.T. Gerthoffer, H. Unruh, and A.J. Halayko. Caveolae modulate TGFb1 signaling in human airway smooth muscle cells. Proc. American Thoracic Soc. 3: A261, 2006.
Gosens, R., G.L. Stelmack, G. Dueck, K.D. McNeill, A. Yamasaki, W.T. Gerthoffer, H. Unruh, J. Zaagsma, and A.J. Halayko. Caveolin-1 modulates cell signaling that controls airway smooth muscle cell proliferation and quiescence. Proc. American Thoracic Soc. 3: A281, 2006.
S. Salinthone, and W.T. Gerthoffer. The effect of 14-3-3 theta overexpression on human airway smooth muscle function. Proc. American Thoracic Soc. 3: A708, 2006.
Islamovic, E., A. Duncun, D.M. Bers, W.T. Gerthoffer and R. Mestril. Importance of small heat shock protein 20 (HSP20) C-terminal extension in cardioprotection and calcium handling of rat cardiomyocytes. Circulation, abstract, 2006.
Nguyen, T.B., M. Tarrant, M.R. Wasserman, W.T. Gerthoffer, J.J. Fredberg. Transforming growth factor - b enhances ASM Stiffening. Proc. Amer. Thoracic Soc., 2007.
Gerthoffer, W.T. Contraction of immortalized human airway smooth muscle cells in 3d collagen rings. Biomedical Engineering Soc. Annual Meeting, 2007.

Last Update: Dec. 18, 2007